Today, erosion and sedimentation has created many problems in the world. Some of these problems are: filling the reservoir of dams and pollution of water resources by contaminated sediments. There are different solutions to tackle with this problem. One of the common methods is fingerprinting or identification of sediments. The basis of this method is to find the sediment sources by using the physical, chemical and biological properties. By finding the source of sediments and fixing them, it would be possible to prevent sediments from entering the streams as much as possible. The purpose of this study is to identify Qoljoq river sediments in the basin Barzou (in the North of Khorasan Province). It was conducted by determination of Chemical parameters of sediments using spectroscopy method. The results have shown that almost all of the sub-basins are shareholder in sediment production of the basin of Barzou. D sub-basin with 27.3% of the total sediment of the basin has the highest rate of deposition among other sub-basins. Dry farming lands and steep slopes has the most effective role on Barzou basin degradation.